TYPES OF RESEARCH METHODS:
QUANTITATIVE vs QUALITATIVE
This chart isn’t just for school.
It’s for survival.
Because your research method is the engine.
If it’s misaligned, your entire project stalls.
Let’s walk through it with heart and clarity:
QUANTITATIVE METHODS
→ Measure. Test. Prove. Predict.
Used when you seek patterns, comparisons, or causes.
1. Experimental Research
→ You intervene to measure cause and effect.
2. Surveys & Questionnaires
→ Structured responses from many people.
3. Longitudinal Studies
→ Track the same subjects over time to observe changes.
4. Cross-sectional Studies
→ Capture a snapshot from different groups at one moment.
5. Correlational Research
→ Find patterns between variables, without assuming causation.
6. Causal-Comparative Research
→ Compare groups based on past conditions.
7. Meta-Analysis
→ Combine many studies to find consistent effects.
8. Quasi-Experimental
→ Similar to experimental, but without full control.
QUALITATIVE METHODS
→ Explore. Understand. Interpret. Feel.
Used when you seek meaning, lived experience, or cultural insight.
1. Case Study
→ Dive deep into a single case to unlock insight.
2. Ethnography
→ Immerse in a culture or group to understand it from within.
3. Phenomenology
→ Explore human experiences through the eyes of the lived.
4. Historical Research
→ Study the past to make sense of the present.
5. Content Analysis (Qualitative)
→ Analyze media, interviews, or documents for patterns and themes.
6. Grounded Theory
→ Build a theory from the ground up — directly from data.
7. Action Research
→ Collaborate with those affected to co-create solutions.
8. Observational Research
→ Observe without interference to capture real-life dynamics.
Here’s the key:
→ Quantitative asks: “How much? How often? What’s the effect?”
→ Qualitative asks: “Why? How? What does this mean?”
Don’t choose based on trend. Choose based on truth.
Because the method you pick doesn’t just shape your paper —
it shapes your lens, your bias, your insight, and your impact.
Sumber : https://www.linkedin.com/in/wadzani-dauda-palnam-phd-fspr-4b317b9b/
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